The basic structure and components of cables mainly include the following parts:

1. Conductor

Function: Conductors are responsible for transmitting current or signals. Common materials include copper and aluminum.

Type: It can be a single stranded conductor or a multi stranded conductor, with the latter being more flexible.

2. Insulation layer

Function: The insulation layer wraps around the outside of the conductor to prevent current leakage and short circuits.

Materials: Common insulation materials include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PUR), etc.

3. Shielding layer

Function: The shielding layer is used to prevent external electromagnetic interference (EMI) from affecting the signal and enhance the integrity of the signal.

Materials: Copper or aluminum foil, woven mesh, or other conductive materials are usually used.

4. Sheath

Function: The sheath is the outer layer of the cable, protecting the internal structure from mechanical damage, chemical corrosion, and environmental factors.

Materials: Common materials include PVC, rubber, polyethylene, etc.

5. Filler

Function: Filler is used in multi conductor cables to maintain structural stability and prevent movement between conductors.

Material: Usually polymer or fiber material.

6. Strengthen the core

Function: In some cables, reinforced cores are used to improve the tensile strength and bending resistance of the cable.

Material: It can be steel wire, fiber, or other materials.

7. Identification and coding

Function: Provide cable specifications, usage, and other important information for easy identification and installation.